About every programming language is based on English. Names for functions, objects, variables are based on personal, project, or company preferences. In reality you’ll find these only in two languages as far as I’ve seen in the last decades: either English or Chinese. I’ve seen German and, sadly, French, but they are outliers.

Coding is all done in the language of the code… if, and, or, for, include, except, etc. It’s not exactly a vast array of words you need to know to be able to code.

Also, I can only speak for Sweden, but I started learning english in third grade. These days they start in kindergarten. Basic stuff, days of the week, 1 through 10. But still.

I have no clue but at the very least, a programmer names their own variables and, barring any special characters, they could be named in any language.

The real deal isn’t the language barrier but the keyboard layout. Most special characters usually used for coding are just perfectly at hand when using the US layout.

At one point i started buying US keyboards set with the US-int layout, which i find easier to use than ES and latam.

I wrote variable names and comments in Spanish when I started as my English level back then was very low.

Once my English improved and started to use English documentation and tutorials I just switched to write in English.

In my previous job I worked at software consultancy, I had coworkers who wrote code in Spanish but it wasn’t the norm.

Currently I work for an international company, the team is Spanish but we have to write everything in English as it can be shared with teams in other countries and audited by international organisations.

When AI tools were allowed, a lot of people use them in Spanish, it generates code with comments in Spanish. I had to reject a lot of PRs from the same guys over an over because everything must be in English.

Russian here.

For the most part, it’s all English. Not even romanized Russian in variable names, although that happens sometimes. Comments are mostly in Russian, though. Depending on the company and whether it has to deal with countries where Russian isn’t as widespread, which is not a lot these days, that English can be a little difficult to understand once you start applying English language logic to it as opposed to basically writing Russian poorly translated to English. It’s fine if the variables, classes and method names are short and offer little room for stringing words together, but anything complex poses risk of producing something that will be difficult to read without heavy Russian background and developed English skills (at both comprehending and producing).

However, there is a number of Russian-based programming language. I am fortunate to have never worked with any one of them. One of them is 1C:Enterprise, which is also a sizeable business for automation software and such.

Here’s what it looks like. I can spot a couple of English words there, though. And having learned programming through English and English only, I actually find it more difficult to read, because Russian-native developers still often refer to things in English, even if there’s a word for that same thing in Russian - it’s just that much part of your programming work.

We always code in English at work. Using our native language for programming is generally frowned upon.

I’m a native Spanish speaker, it depends on the language and the person.

Spanish has very few diacritics, so it’s quite understandable in ASCII (áéíóúüñ). But I guess it would be a lot harder in other languages like Czech or Vietnamese.

When I program for myself or in public repos, I tend to code everything in English, but when I have to do projects with classmates at my university, I usually do it in Spanish because they are not great at English.

Hedy is a new programming language designed for pedagogy that can be localized to different languages.

https://hedy.org/

I teach my students to just code in English from the start. Not all languages/compilers/linkers/whatever handles the Danish characters ‘æ’, ‘ø’, and ‘å’ all that predictably, most companies will require you to use English for international collaboration, and besides most documentation is in English anyway. Last reason is why I urge my students to just use English versions when available. Some FLOSS translations are crap, and you can’t just copy paste an error into askjeeves and get an answer.

The only thing that has to be in Danish is Excel automation, because for some bizarre reason Microsoft translated all some of the functions. I say some because I’ve seen functions in English that just wasn’t available in Danish Excel.

@TheImpressiveX Back in 2000 I briefly taught at UC Santa Barbara. One class was a summer, two week course in Adobe Director for Japanese high school graduates prior to entering Ritsumeikan University. I cast about looking for a Japanese version of the program, but could not find it. One of the students later told me they wouldn’t expect such a thing to exist, as English was the language of coding.

ymmv

Online: everything in English for me, except for some explanations sometimes but that’s just at random as I’m a hobbyist/amateur.

Offline (a course I did): explanations in Portuguese (Brazil), we learned Portugol (programming language that uses Portuguese keywords) as an introduction then switched to C.

I quit my degree in computer science in 2018 after studying for two years, but I remember that it was a big focus on using norwegian for variable names.

As somebody with a friend who speaks Chinese as their first language, I know she often uses non-English file names, variable names, etc.

It’s still standard Python and C++ though (and excellent code at that!), nothing esoteric.

It depends honestly.

Key words like If, Match, Else, From, This ,etc will be in English, but variable names can be in any Unicode language as the var name gets converted to machine code after compilation.